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What is the ruling on one who does not pray Jumu'ah and makes it Dhuhr?

1 min readAlso available in العربية

Friday prayer is an individual obligation (fard ayn) upon every Muslim, except for those whom the Sharia has exempted, such as the sick, the enslaved person, women, and children. This is based on the Almighty's saying: "O you who have believed, when [the adhan] is called for the prayer on the day of Jumuʿah, then proceed to the remembrance of Allah and leave trade. That is better for you, if you only knew," and on the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: "Friday prayer in congregation is a duty upon every Muslim, except for four: an enslaved person, a woman, a child, or a sick person." Muslims have unanimously agreed upon its obligation. Willfully abandoning Friday prayer without a valid excuse is impermissible, and severe warnings have been issued against those who do so. Among these are the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) sayings: "I was about to order a man to lead the people in prayer, then burn the houses of men who stay away from Friday prayer," and: "Indeed, some people must stop neglecting Friday prayers, or Allah will seal their hearts, and they will then be among the heedless." Therefore, it is obligatory to advise these people and remind them of the religious texts.

Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026

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