What are the most prominent rulings regarding inheritance?

The science of inheritance (Al-Fara'id) is one of the most noble Islamic sciences, and it was given great attention by the Companions and scholars.

There are three pillars of inheritance: an heir, a deceased person (morith), and an inheritable right.

There are three conditions for inheritance: verification of the heir's life, verification of the deceased's death, and knowledge of the basis for inheritance.

There are three causes of inheritance: marriage, wala' (clientship/allegiance), and lineage.

There are three impediments to inheritance: slavery, murder, and difference of religion.

The male heirs are fifteen, and the female heirs are ten.

Inheritance is of two types: fard (a specified share) and ta'sib (taking what remains after the ashab al-furood - those with specified shares).

The specified shares (furood) are six: one-half, one-fourth, one-eighth, two-thirds, one-third, and one-sixth.

Those with specified shares begin, and then the asaba (agnatic heirs) take what remains, as the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Give the specified shares to those who are entitled to them, and whatever remains is for the closest male heir."

For details, refer to books specialized in the science of inheritance.