How can one distinguish between supernatural occurrences—are they from Satan, through spiritual discipline, or from Allah, the Blessed and Exalted?

Allah honors the obedient with whatever miracles He wills. He may also gradually lure the disobedient or the disbeliever with gifts. Furthermore, Allah may allow the devil to perform some extraordinary acts through his hands to mislead his followers, as a form of enticement. Spiritual exercises, if they conform to the Sharia, are a miracle from Allah. However, if they are deception and sorcery, then they are a form of enticement.