How do we respond to those who cite the slaughter of two sheep for a male and one sheep for a female in the 'Aqiqah as proof that Islam favors males over females, and that females are inferior?

The foundational principle in Islamic law is that every ruling established for men is similarly established for women, as they are their counterparts. However, there are some rulings where Islamic law differentiates between males and females, such as the Aqiqah (definition) (sacrificial offering for a newborn): two sheep for a boy and one sheep for a girl.

This disparity is not a denigration of the female; rather, it is to achieve justice and express gratitude. This is because people’s joy for males is often greater than their joy for females, and gratitude to Allah for this blessing varies.

Moreover, some scholars believe that the wisdom behind the female’s share being half that of the male, such as in the case of blood money (Diyyah), is for the preservation of life.

It should be noted that justice requires treating each person according to what they deserve. Islam is a religion of justice, not a religion of absolute equality. Equality may necessitate equating two things where wisdom dictates differentiating between them, whereas justice is giving every right-holder their due.