What is the ruling on a temporary customary marriage that was conducted with two witnesses and with the intention of converting it into a formal marriage after preparing the first wife, with an agreement not to have children temporarily? And are wives rewarded for agreeing to a second marriage if the man is capable?

Marriage is valid only if its pillars are met, namely: the guardian (wali) and two witnesses. If the marriage takes place without a guardian, it is invalid. Non-declaration (lack of public announcement) does not affect the validity of the marriage, but it is recommended. If "temporary marriage" is intended to mean lack of public announcement, then there is no harm. However, if it means an agreement to limit the duration of the contract, then it is invalid because it is a mut'ah (temporary pleasure) marriage.

Regarding the wife's objection to her husband marrying another woman: If the husband is financially and physically capable and does not neglect the rights of the first wife, then there should be no objection, as it involves chastity and helps increase the number of Muslims. Jealousy is natural, but enduring it is easier than enduring lack of marriage, and the benefits of marriage that extend to the Muslim community are more important than the harm of jealousy, which is limited to the wife.