What is the religious and Sharia ruling on a young man marrying a girl he is pleased with, but his father refuses for worldly reasons, while his mother agrees? And is marrying her without his father's consent considered disobedience to him?

If a girl is righteous and the father refuses his son's marriage to her without a valid reason, then obedience to him in abandoning the marriage is not obligatory, and the son will not be disobedient by contradicting him, especially if he fears falling into temptation. Disobeying parents in choosing a spouse is not forbidden if their opinion is not religious but for personal interest, and the marriage involves compatibility and righteousness.