Is it permissible for the children of a deceased debtor to borrow from a bank to pay off their father's large debt, given their inability to repay the debt in a lump sum?

The ruling on borrowing from a bank depends on the nature of the bank and the loan. If the bank offers a benevolent loan (qard hasan) without usurious interest, then there is no harm in it. Otherwise, it is not permissible. Instead, it is suggested that the creditors agree with the children of the deceased to transfer the debts to them and pay them in installments, while reminding the creditors of the obligation to grant respite to the one in hardship and to give charity to him, as Allah Almighty says: "And if there is one in hardship, then [let there be] a delay until [a time of] ease. But if you remit [it by way of charity], it is better for you, if you only knew."