Is the classification of relatives and loved ones that I have made correct, and what is the right thing concerning that, especially regarding the precedence of the brother over the husband in closeness and love?

Allah and His Messenger must be dearer to a Muslim than anything else. After the right of Allah, comes the right of parents, followed by the right of the husband, which takes precedence over the right of parents for a wife. The right of the brother comes after the right of parents, then the rights of the rest of creation vary according to their ranks.

One does not control heartfelt love; a woman's love for her brother might be greater than her love for her husband, but the husband's right takes precedence. Defending the Muslim homeland is an obligation, and it may take precedence over seeking permission from parents for obligatory jihad, but it cannot be said that the right of the homeland generally takes precedence over the right of parents. Self-love is innate, and altruism is commendable in worldly matters, while one's own soul takes precedence over others in matters of the Hereafter.

The mentioned order of rights applies when there is a conflict and reconciliation is not possible. One should avoid excessive scrutiny in these matters.