Is it permissible for the ghusl (ritual bath) to be performed with water that has been used and then had pure water poured over it until it overflowed?

Scholars have differed regarding water that has been used for purification (al-ma' al-musta'mal):

- The majority of scholars: It is pure (tahir), but they differed on the permissibility of performing ablution (wudu') or ritual bathing (ghusl) with it.

- The Malikis: Its use is disliked (makrooh) if other water is available, but ghusl performed with it is valid, despite the dislike.

- The Hanbalis and Shafi'is: It is not permissible to use it, and it does not remove ritual impurity (hadath), but it is pure.

- If used water is mixed with pure water (ma' tahoor):

- If the pure water is more: purification is valid.

- If it is less: purification is not valid.

- If what is meant by used water is the remaining water in a vessel from which one performed ablution: then it is pure and purifying (tahir mutahhir).

- Scholars agreed on the permissibility of a man and a woman performing ablution from the same vessel, and the permissibility of a man performing ablution with the leftover water of another man.

- They differed regarding the leftover water of a woman: The majority of scholars permit a man to perform ablution with it, whereas Ahmad and Dawud do not permit it if she used it exclusively.