What should a patient suffering from chronic asthma and anemia, who cannot endure fasting in Ramadan, with a fasting period of 17 hours, do? Is it permissible for him to break his fast, take medication, and use an asthma inhaler? And what expiation is due from him?

Contemporary jurists have differed concerning the asthma inhaler. We have concluded that it does not break the fast as long as what it contains is merely vapor and not a substance with a tangible body. Therefore, breaking the fast because of it is not permissible. The same applies to nasal sprays. As for merely feeling tired, it is not a valid excuse to break the fast; rather, the illness must be one that permits breaking the fast. This can be known through experience or through the trustworthy opinion of doctors. If a sick person breaks their fast due to an illness that is hoped to dissipate, they must make up the days when they are able. If the illness is not hoped to dissipate, then they must feed a poor person for each day they missed, approximately one and a half kilograms of rice.