What is the ruling on the "maqaam of today" where sheep are slaughtered and distributed as charity on behalf of the deceased after their death, and is this considered an innovation (bid'ah)? And what is the best way to deliver the reward of charity to the deceased without falling into innovations?

A person's act of giving charity on their own behalf during their lifetime, or their family giving charity on their behalf after their death, through slaughtering an animal or providing food, is a praiseworthy and recommended act. Its reward reaches the deceased, and it is not an innovation unless they believe it to be obligatory or if it is accompanied by a corrupt belief. Naming it "Maqam Al-Yawm" (the station of the day) does not remove it from legitimacy, even if the naming itself is not a Sunnah. All charity is good and virtuous.