Is it obligatory to make up missed prayers and fasts, what is the ruling on prayer while in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah) or menstruation (hayd), and on abandoning prayer, and how does one become steadfast in their prayer?

First: There is no obligation to make up missed prayers and fasts from before puberty.

Second: It is obligatory to make up prayers missed after puberty that were performed without intention, according to the majority of scholars. The method for making up these prayers is found in Fatwa No. 72777.

Third: The obligation to repeat prayers performed with an incorrect ablution due to ignorance is a matter of scholarly disagreement. Fatwa No. 101009 clarifies this.

Fourth: Masturbation does not necessitate ghusl (ritual bath) unless semen is discharged. To ascertain the characteristic of a woman's semen, refer to Fatwa No. 102977.

Fifth: If semen was discharged through masturbation due to ignorance that it invalidates the fast, the fast is not invalidated thereby. Fatwa No. 78181 clarifies this.

Sixth: Backbiting and other sins do not invalidate the fast, but apostasy does. It was not mentioned what indicates whether what occurred was apostasy or not.

Seventh: It is obligatory to make up the days of fasting that were observed during menstruation, because a menstruating woman's fast is not valid.

Eighth: One must maintain prayer, as neglecting it is a grave sin. Persistence in supplication, striving against oneself, and the company of righteous people aid in this.

Ninth: Sincere repentance erases all sins, and one who repents from a sin is like one who has no sin.