Does the divorce of ẓihār by an angry man take effect, or do the three states of anger apply to it, as they do in the divorce of an angry man?
A Muslim is not held accountable for what he utters unintentionally or without choice, because deeds are judged by intentions. What is uttered unintentionally, like by someone compelled or mistaken, is not held against him, as Allah Almighty says: ﴿Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred.﴾
Based on this, the statements of an angry person are not considered valid if the anger has removed his capacity for perception and choice. Thus, his divorce () and ẓihār (a pre-Islamic form of divorce) do not take effect, due to the Prophet (peace be upon him) saying: "There is no divorce and no manumission in ighlaq." Ighlaq includes intense anger. However, if the anger has not removed the speaker's ability to discern and choose, then the rulings of what he utters, whether it be divorce or ẓihār, are binding upon him.
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