Does performing make-up prayers during reprehensible times invalidate them according to the Shafi'i school? And is it obligatory to specify the day of the missed prayers despite hardship, and is it permissible to adopt the opinion of those who do not deem it obligatory?

There are three general times of dislike for prayer, and five detailed times. The first time: from after the Fajr prayer until sunrise. The second: from sunrise until the sun has risen to the height of a spear. According to the Shafi’is, it is permissible to make up missed prayers during the times of dislike, whether they were obligatory or supererogatory, as the prohibition of praying during these times is specific to prayers that have no cause. It is not necessary to specify the day on which the prayer was missed; it is sufficient to specify the prayer (Dhuhr, Asr...).