Are the Prophet's parents—may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him—in Paradise or Hellfire, and what is the Shar'i (Islamic legal) evidence for that?

Authentic prophetic hadiths have been reported indicating that the Prophet’s parents (peace be upon him) are in Hellfire. Among them is his saying to a man: "Indeed, my father and your father are in the Hellfire," and his saying: "I asked my Lord for permission to seek forgiveness for my mother, but He did not permit me."

Scholars are of the view that whoever dies upon disbelief is in Hellfire, and the kinship of close relatives will not benefit them.

Al-Suyuti went so far as to claim that the Prophet’s parents were saved, and that Allah Almighty brought them back to life for him after their death and they believed in him. However, this view has been rejected by the majority of scholars, who ruled that the hadiths reported in this regard are fabricated or very weak.

Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah held that the notion of the Prophet’s parents being resurrected and embracing Islam is a fabricated lie, and that those with knowledge agree that it is among the most clearly fabricated falsehoods. Such an event, had it occurred, would have been widely transmitted due to the strong motivation and eagerness to report it.

This view contradicts the Quran, the authentic Sunnah, and scholarly consensus, for Allah Almighty has made it clear that there is no repentance for one who dies as a disbeliever.