Exemptions and Excuses

• What is incumbent upon a woman who broke her fast in Ramadan due to a miscarriage, and was delayed in making up the missed days because of travel, then pregnancy and breastfeeding, with the approach of the next Ramadan and her giving birth during it? Is it only making up the days, or making up the days and expiation?
• Does a fasting person break their fast if they intend to break it due to illness or travel, but do not actually break it?
• Would purchasing donation coupons for the Muslims of Burma and Syria, and the "Tarahum" project for 70 Riyals, be considered a sufficient expiation for the remaining three days of make-up fasting due to pregnancy and illness?
• What is the criterion for ability (istita’ah) in fasting two consecutive months for the expiation of Dhihar (injurious assimilation of wife to a female relative) and sexual intercourse during a Ramadan day, which necessitates resorting to feeding [the poor], and is arduous, nearly continuous work considered an excuse?
• Is it permissible to sell sandwiches during the daytime in Ramadan, knowing that there is no distinction between a Muslim and a Christian in purchasing?
• Is it permissible for a traveler returning to his country and staying there for ten days before traveling again for work to combine and shorten prayers?
• What is your advice to a person who has suffered from moral deviance since childhood, and links this to an illness that afflicted his mother during her pregnancy with him, and to his father's saying, "Perhaps wretchedness was decreed for you"?
• What is the ruling on one who paid the fidya for fasting in cash at the beginning of the month, then learned that it is obligatory to pay it in food, day by day, or at the end of the month?
• Is it permissible for my grandmother to combine prayers due to her old age and illness which makes her movement difficult?
• What is the authenticity of the phrase "in congregation" in the Hadith "Whoever prays Fajr in congregation, he is in the protection of Allah"? And does this merit include one who prays Fajr at its appointed time individually?
• What is the ruling on fasting Ramadan for someone who lives in Canada, where fasting hours reach 18 hours, and has suffered from kidney stones and been advised to drink plenty of water to reduce salt deposits?
• Is it permissible for an employee to shorten and combine prayers if he travels a distance of 250 kilometers, returns to his hometown on Friday evening, and then departs from it towards his workplace every Wednesday? And what is the proof for that from the Prophet's Sunnah?
• Must the mother make up the days of Ramadan that she missed due to surgery, or should she feed a poor person for each day, and is it permissible to feed thirty poor people at once?
• Is it permissible for me to shorten the prayer (qasr) in North Sinai, given that I am a soldier stationed there for more than forty days, and I am not from its people and consider myself to be traveling?
• Is it permissible for a woman to undergo surgery to remove flesh growths that prevent conception and cause menstrual cycle disturbances, performed by a non-Muslim doctor in Sweden, due to the unavailability of a female doctor or the financial means to travel? And does her husband have the right to prevent her from doing so?
• What is the path to steadfastness, and how does the heart become purified from the love of effeminate boys? What is the cure for a dead heart, especially after I pledged to God at the Kaaba to be righteous, following my recovery from a serious illness with which I was afflicted due to abandoning some prayers, breaking my fast in Ramadan, and committing adultery and sodomy?
• ما هو العلاج الشرعي لمرض "التقف" الذي أصاب امرأة لم تُرزق بالولد منذ سنتين، بعد أن شخصه أحد العرافين؟
• When is it permissible for the Imam to combine prayers?
• Should the husband perform the obligatory Hajj first, then perform Hajj on behalf of his parents who did not perform it? And is a woman's travel for Hajj with a group of women (through a company) considered as having a mahram?
• Is what the husband does—discriminating between the two wives, spending most of his time with the first wife, even on the second wife's night, evading reciprocal treatment, and refusing Eid greetings—considered injustice? Is concealing the news of pregnancy from the family acceptable under the pretext that they do not inquire about the children? Is the husband obligated to compensate the second wife for the nights he spends with the first wife at her family's home and adjust holidays accordingly? Does the first wife have the right to demand her needs or for the husband to visit her on the second wife's day, except in cases of extreme necessity? What is the ruling on the husband's family cutting ties with the second wife and her son? And how can the second wife obtain her right to recreation and holidays?
• Is it permissible to lead congregational prayers with Surat Al-Baqarah during Tarawih, if the imam has memorized it and recites it well, and the elderly congregants desire that?
• Does peritoneal dialysis for the kidneys break the fast of a fasting person, and is it permissible for my father to fast, knowing that fasting will not medically harm him, taking into consideration the introduction of water into the abdomen four times a day, or is he required to break his fast and offer expiation?
• Is it permissible to pay the Fidya for fasting in cash, and is it permissible to combine its value to give it to one poor person?
• What is the jurisprudential position regarding the circumambulation of Ifadah (Tawaf al-Ifadah), the throwing of the pebbles (Ramy al-Jamarat), and the farewell circumambulation (Tawaf al-Wada') for a female pilgrim who performed the obligatory Hajj and did not stipulate a condition at the time of Ihram, then was involved in an accident that prevented her from completing the rituals, and she is 85 years old and unable to travel again?