Is zakat obligatory on money that has been borrowed and invested in trade, whether in the principal or the profits, taking into account the repayment of the debt and the fact that no profits have yet been realized? And is zakat obligatory on installment trade, on the principal, the profits, or both?

The majority of scholars are of the view that religion prevents Zakat (definition) on hidden assets such as cash and trade goods. If a hawl (lunar year) passes on the principal, debts are deducted from it. If the remaining amount then reaches the nisab (definition), Zakat becomes obligatory. If there is other money surplus to basic needs and not subject to Zakat, it can be used to offset the debt. Profits are added to the principal and Zakat is paid on them together. The nisab for banknotes is the equivalent of 85 grams of gold or 595 grams of silver, and the obligatory payment is a quarter of a tenth (2.5%).