Is the deceased, who had bad deeds, punished in the grave immediately upon being laid in it, or for one day, or for a limited period, or how?

Whoever dies among the people of Tawhid (definition) (monotheism) and faith, without having repented from their sins, is under the will of Allah; if He wills, He will forgive them, and if He wills, He will punish them according to their sins, in fulfillment of His Almighty saying: "Whoever comes with a good deed will have ten times the like thereof, and whoever comes with an evil deed will not be recompensed except the like thereof; and they will not be wronged" and His saying: "And every soul was paid in full for what it did, and they will not be wronged."

The torment of the grave for those among the evildoers who are punished may be long or short depending on their sins, and it is not necessary for it to continue until the Day of Judgment. Its duration and manner are among the unseen matters that only Allah knows.