Is it permissible to supplicate with the phrase, "My Lord, make me steadfast in prayer and [make] of my offspring," as was narrated from the Prophet of Allah, Ibrahim (peace be upon him)?

The context of the verses from Surat Ibrahim shows Abraham (peace be upon him) supplicating to his Lord with humility and devotion. Commentators have differed on the reason for the inclusion of the particle "min" (مِنْ) in the verse (رَبِّ اجْعَلْنِي مُقِيمَ الصَّلاةِ وَمِن ذُرِّيَّتِي - My Lord, make me steadfast in prayer, and from my offspring):

1. First Opinion: That "min" (مِنْ) is for partiality (tab'id), and it is a sign of Abraham’s (peace be upon him) ادب (politeness/propriety), for he knew that Allah had decreed that among his offspring there would be believers and disbelievers, as stated in the verse: (وَمِن ذُرِّيَّتِهِمَا مُحْسِنٌ وَظَالِمٌ لِّنَفْسِهِ مُبِينٌ - And among their offspring are those who are righteous and those who clearly wrong themselves). This is the view held by the majority of commentators.

2. Second Opinion: Disagreement that it is for partiality (tab'id), and that "min" (مِنْ) here is for specifying the genus (bayan al-jins) or that it is an initial "min" (ibtida’iyyah). Prophets ask Allah for what is most complete for themselves and their offspring, and Abraham aspired for all of his offspring to be monotheists, just as prophets supplicated for their peoples using a general صيغة (formula).

If this is understood, then there is no harm for a Muslim to supplicate with the same formula, because "min" (مِنْ) is not necessarily for partiality, and supplicating with it encompasses all offspring. As for reciting this verse after performing the prayer, there is no basis for it in the Prophetic Sunnah, nor has it been narrated from the Salaf, and it is better to abandon it.