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What is the authenticity of the narration that speaks of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari guarding the Prophet on the night of his marriage to Safiyyah, and the Prophet's supplication for him: "May Allah guard you, O Abu Ayyub, alive and dead"?

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Ibn Sa’d narrated a report from Abu Hurayrah stating that Abu Ayyub spent the night at the door of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, on the night of his consummation of marriage with Safiyyah, out of concern for her. Al-Dhahabi commented on this report, saying it was “very strange.” However, Al-Waqidi was not the only one to narrate it; Kathir ibn Zayd also reported it after him. Al-Hakim narrated it in “Al-Mustadrak” and authenticated its chain of transmission, and Al-Dhahabi agreed with him. It also has other supporting narrations from Ibn Abbas, Jabir, and Urwah. The narration from Ibn Abbas includes Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Layla, who is truthful but had a poor memory. The narration from Jabir is very weak due to Umar ibn Abi Bakr al-Mu’ammali and Abdullah ibn Shabib, both of whom are abandoned in hadith narration. As for Urwah’s narration, it is weak because it is mursal (lacks a companion in its chain) and includes Ibn Lahi’ah, who is weak due to his poor memory. In summary, the report as narrated by Al-Hakim is acceptable, especially in matters of biography (Seerah), and is strengthened by the other supporting narrations, with the exception of Miqsam’s narration from Jabir due to its extreme weakness.

Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026

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