Did Nebuchadnezzar destroy the Children of Israel in revenge for John (Yahya), peace be upon him, knowing that Nebuchadnezzar was born and died before the birth of Jesus (Eisa), peace be upon him?

There is no divine revelation that specifies the time of "Nebuchadnezzar." However, scholars have discussed his story when interpreting the Almighty's saying: (And We conveyed to the Children of Israel in the Scripture that you will surely cause corruption on the earth twice...) Some of them mentioned that Nebuchadnezzar attacked the Children of Israel and destroyed Jerusalem for the second time after the death of John and the ascension of Jesus, peace be upon them both.

Narrations have been reported from Ibn Abbas and others to this effect, most likely taken from the People of the Book.

However, verified scholars have refuted this saying, based on the fact that Nebuchadnezzar lived long before Christ, and it is historically accepted that he invaded the Children of Israel when they killed their prophet Isaiah during the time of Jeremiah.

It is possible that the king who destroyed Jerusalem after John, peace be upon him, was nicknamed "Nebuchadnezzar" in resemblance to the first Nebuchadnezzar in cruelty.

In summary: There is nothing in the established texts of revelation that specifies the time of Nebuchadnezzar. The reports transmitted from the predecessors that his time was after Jesus, peace be upon him, are mostly taken from the People of the Book, while historians lean towards him having lived before Jesus, peace be upon him.