ما هو رأي شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية في آية المباهلة؟

Mubahalah is mutual imprecation upon disagreement, where the disputants supplicate to Allah Almighty to send down His curse and punishment upon whichever of them is lying. The verse of Mubahalah is Allah Almighty's saying: (Then whoever disputes with you concerning him [Jesus] after knowledge has come to you, say, "Come, let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and ourselves and yourselves, then supplicate humbly [to Allah] and invoke the curse of Allah upon the liars.") [Al Imran: 61]. This occurred when the delegation of Najran Christians debated with the Prophet (peace be upon him) concerning Jesus (peace be upon him), so Allah commanded His Prophet to engage in Mubahalah with them.

Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah clarified that the Prophet's (peace be upon him) bringing Ali, Fatimah, Al-Hasan, and Al-Husayn for Mubahalah is confirmed, and that this does not indicate their superiority. This is because Mubahalah is performed with the closest relatives, even if others are more virtuous, and they were his most specific household members at that time. Mubahalah does not indicate Ali's (may Allah be pleased with him) greater right to the Caliphate. The phrase "ourselves" does not necessitate equality in virtue or rulings; rather, it indicates similarity and resemblance in certain matters, such as faith.