What is the ruling on those who steal from people, abduct women, and assault their honor under the threat of arms?

The crimes committed by some irreligious individuals are known as "Hirabah" (banditry/waging war against Allah and His Messenger) or "highway robbery." Their punishment is severe in Islamic law, as stated in the Almighty's قول: (Indeed, the recompense of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive upon earth [to cause] corruption is none but that they be killed or crucified or that their hands and feet be cut off from opposite sides or that they be exiled from the land. That is for them a disgrace in this world; and for them in the Hereafter is a great punishment) Al-Ma'idah/33.

The Council of Senior Scholars has clarified that crimes of kidnapping and mugging fall under the category of Hirabah and striving to cause corruption in the land, whether directed at life, property, or honor, or if they cause fear to travelers and block roads. The Council views the word "or" in the noble verse as indicating choice. Judges are responsible for establishing the type of crime and ruling on it with death, crucifixion, cutting off hands and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land, while considering the circumstances of the criminal and the crime, and what serves the public interest. However, if the belligerent has killed, then his killing becomes obligatory.