What is the ruling concerning clothes affected by al-madhiy (pre-seminal fluid): Are they considered pure or impure such that they must be changed, especially given the difficulty in pinpointing the affected area and the frequent recurrence of this issue?

Madhi (pre-seminal fluid) is impure and invalidates ablution. There are two rulings for purifying it: washing (ghasl) or sprinkling (nadah). The preferred view is that washing is better for those who do not find it difficult. However, for those who do find it difficult, sprinkling suffices as a concession. For purifying clothing, it is sufficient to sprinkle water on the area affected by madhi. As for its emission, it necessitates washing the penis, and it is more cautious to wash the testicles as well.