What is the ruling on a father's agreement with his eight daughters and only son to distribute the inheritance according to the Islamic law "for the male, what is equal to the share of two females," through a process of buying and selling, documented with registered contracts, followed by the father writing an additional ten feddans to the son with the daughters' consent, and then, when the son wished to purchase the daughters' shares in a commercial store and some of them refused, they were coerced into relinquishing their shares for fear of displeasing their parents?
It is not permissible for a father to distribute his wealth among his heirs during his lifetime if his intention is to harm some of the heirs or to favor some over others, unless the distribution is just, as prescribed by Allah. Favoring some children is not permissible except with the consent of the other adult, mature children. If a son works with his father with the intention of receiving a wage, there is no harm in the father giving him compensation for his work, provided that he does not show him favoritism, but rather gives him the same wage as a non-relative. And if giving the son additional acres or compelling his sisters to sell their share was done out of shy compliance or fear, then the father must return those acres and distribute justly, and he is not allowed to force his daughters to sell their rights.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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