What is the validity of the statement that a man working abroad, far from his wife for a long period (a year or more), must seek her permission every four months and ten days to continue his stay abroad, and is it a sin for one who works abroad, far from his wife, for a long period (a year, two years, or more)?

The period beyond which a husband should not be absent from his wife is six months or four months. This is the period that Islam set for a husband who makes an oath of abstention (ila') from his wife. If the absence exceeds this period, then either they should reach an agreement, or it constitutes a violation of the wife's rights and is sinful unless there is a legitimate Sharia excuse or necessity. Specifying this period as four months and ten days is not known in Islamic jurisprudence. As for modern legal systems, they have set this period at one year, after which the wife has the right to request a divorce. Absence for work travel to earn a livelihood is permissible, but the husband must assess the interests and harms resulting from his absence and balance them, while taking into account the wife's various circumstances and the impact of separation on psychological well-being and moral chastity.