What is the opinion of Islamic law regarding the financial liability of a non-working woman who is supported by her husband, especially if she wishes to give charity but her husband does not agree, or if she divorces after a long life without owning anything?

There is no connection between questioning the financial sufficiency of a woman upon divorce and her financial independence. Islamic Sharia has affirmed a woman's legal capacity for financial transactions, recognizing her right to own property, trade with her wealth, earn a living, and dispose of her money.

Evidence confirming a woman's financial independence includes: Umm al-Mu'minin Maymuna (may Allah be pleased with her) giving charity from her own wealth without the Prophet's (peace be upon him) permission, and Zaynab, the wife of Ibn Mas'ud, giving charity from her own wealth. This indicates that Sharia has granted women full financial legal capacity. This Islamic jurisprudence is very advanced and establishes legal capacity and an independent financial status as a natural right linked to life itself.

As for discussing the economic challenges a woman might face due to divorce, these do not affect her financial independence. Islamic Sharia has not left women prey to poverty; rather, it has legislated remedial tools that enable them to resume their dignified lives, specifically through: 1. Her right to the mahr (dowry), both the immediate and deferred portions. 2. Her right to mut'ah (consolation gift), which is an amount exceeding the mahr, determined by the judge according to the husband's circumstances. 3. Her right to sufficient maintenance during the iddah (waiting period), if the divorce is revocable or if she is pregnant, and her right to payment for breastfeeding and raising her children. 4. Her right to work, trade with her money, and invest it. 5. If the previous solutions are insufficient, her maintenance becomes obligatory upon her father, brothers, or relatives, and she gains a right in the Bayt al-Mal al-Muslimeen (Muslim treasury).

Thus, it becomes clear that Islamic jurisprudence comprehensively addresses the situation of a woman after divorce or the death of her husband. Islamic societies must apply the requirements of Sharia to safeguard women's rights.