Does a Muslim exit Islam because of a word said in a state of emotional outburst, without intending its meaning, such as saying "It's as if you're telling the Lord of the Worlds to go to hell"?

How needless it was for you to utter that ugly word, which demonstrates ill-manners when speaking about the Lord, the Most High, the Most Holy. You must repent to your Lord, the Most High, and seek His forgiveness for what you have uttered. You must also be careful with your words from now on, for a servant may utter a word that incurs the wrath of Allah the Most High, not thinking it would reach such a degree, and it may cause him to fall into the Hellfire—Allah forbid. There is no expiation required of you for what you have uttered. Rather, you must act upon what we have advised you: repentance, caution, and attentiveness to the matter of the tongue, for its affair is grave.