What is meant by "allegiance to other than one's lieges (mawālī)" and who are the mawālī, and should allegiance be to the father or the mother, and does a wife's allegiance transfer to her husband and his family after marriage, and what is the Shar'i ruling for one who refuses that?

The aforementioned Hadith is authentic, and its wording is: "Whoever claims to be the son of other than his father, or attributes himself to other than his patrons (mawālī), then upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all of mankind. Allah will not accept from him on the Day of Resurrection any optional or obligatory act of worship." The intent of "patrons" (mawālī) in this Hadith refers to the one who bestowed freedom upon his slave. Thus, the Hadith warns the freed slave against being ungrateful for his master's favor and disowning him. Loyalty (walā’) is owed to the one who granted freedom; it is a bond like the bond of kinship and cannot be sold or gifted. So, the intended meaning of walā’ here is the walā’ of manumission. This indicates the severe prohibition of a person attributing himself to other than his father, or a freed slave to other than his patrons, due to the ingratitude for favors, the squandering of rights, and the cutting off of kinship ties that it entails.

As for children, they are of kinship and lineage, and their loyalty is to their father through dutifulness, kindness, and attribution to him. They do not attribute themselves to their mother. A wife does not become a patron (mawlah) to her husband unless he frees her, and she attributes herself to her father and family, not to him.