Is foreign citizenship or residency considered a covenant of safety, and have scholars differed regarding this?

A Muslim must fulfill covenants and commitments, as Allah Almighty has commanded this in the Holy Quran, and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, warned against the characteristics of hypocrites, which include treachery in covenants. Accordingly, a Muslim's signing of a pledge with disbelievers is considered a contract that must be fulfilled and adhered to, as indicated by the hadith of Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman, may Allah be pleased with him. Therefore, a Muslim should be keen on these ethics to reflect a good image of Islam.