Does God exact retribution from a servant through his family for sins he committed and repented from, and if so, what can be done to avoid that?

The saying "as you condemn, so shall you be condemned," or "adultery is a debt," is narrated in weak hadiths that are not authentically attributed to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. However, some scholars believe that an adulterer is punished in their honor with the like of their sin, as a form of recompense in kind. Assuming the authenticity of this warning, one who repents from a sin is not subject to it, for the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "The one who repents from sin is like one who has no sin." Therefore, seeking forgiveness, performing good deeds, enduring trials, intercession, and mercy prevent the warning from taking effect. It is recommended for a person to give much in charity if they have committed a sin and then repented from it.