Are there any Quranic verses, supplications, or anything that can help solve the problem of recurring bad luck in work and marriage, which is believed to be due to magic?

The cause of calamities should not be confined to magic or the evil eye. Instead, other reasons must be considered. A calamity may be due to sins and transgressions, in which case repentance and piety towards Allah are obligatory. It may also be a trial and a test of patience, in which case patience and seeking reward from Allah are obligatory.

Magic is a possible cause, and it has a legitimate Islamic cure, but one must beware of charlatans.