What is the authenticity of the hadith narrated on the authority of Ibn Abbas regarding the Prophet's (peace be upon him) teaching of a specific supplication to Imam Ali during a particular prayer for the preservation of the Quran and to prevent its slipping away, and is this hadith authentic?

This lengthy Hadith, which includes a supplication for memorizing the Holy Qur'an and was narrated by Al-Tirmidhi and Al-Hakim, is a fabricated Hadith. It is impermissible to attribute it to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and it is not permissible to engage in acts of worship based on it, due to its inclusion of an unusual prayer that has no precedent. Al-Dhahabi and Al-Albani have ruled it to be fabricated, and a fabricated Hadith is not acted upon.

Worship is built upon divine injunction, and Allah is not worshipped except through what He has legislated in His Book or through the tongue of His Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him. No one has the right to approve of an act of worship that has not been established from the infallible Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. Innovators have habitually preoccupied people with incantations, prayers, and supplications, assigning to them specific numbers, times, and manners that have not been established in the Shari'ah.

In the authentic Sunnah, there is ample sufficiency. It has not been authentically reported from the noble Companions that they invented any form of remembrance, supplication, or prayer with a specific number at a specific time. Every innovation is a misguidance. The Companions and the Imams have denounced many innovated matters, including the repetition of "As-Salat Khayrun Min An-Nawm" in the Fajr call to prayer (tathweeb), the gathering of people for supplication after Asr prayer on the day of Arafat in the mosque, and repeating the bowing after Fajr.

Al-Shatibi also clarified that among innovations are: adhering to specific manners and forms, such as adhering to dhikr in a congregational manner, taking the Prophet's birthday as a festival, and adhering to specific acts of worship at specific times for which no designation has been found in the Shari'ah, such as fasting on the 15th of Sha'ban and observing the night vigil during its night.