What is the ruling on praying Dhuhr instead of Jumu'ah due to work circumstances or not understanding the language of the sermon? And what is the criterion for the distance that permits a resident outside the city to pray Dhuhr?

Friday prayer is an obligation, and neglecting it for three Fridays due to negligence will cause a seal to be placed upon the heart. It is obligatory to preserve it. The questioner must attend Friday prayer as long as he resides in a country where it is held, unless he is occupied with saving an innocent life or providing urgent medical treatment, with the obligation to strive to attend if an alternative is found or if a delay is possible. One must strive to attend Friday prayer even if the preacher speaks a foreign language, as its wisdom is not limited to the sermon. For someone whose work is outside the city and hears the call (unless it is amplified), Friday prayer is obligatory upon him, and the distance is estimated at approximately 5 kilometers or one farsakh (approximately 5 kilometers). As for someone who is outside the city and does not hear the call, Friday prayer is waived for him, and he prays Dhuhr instead.