What is the wisdom behind permitting polygyny for men only? And what is the ruling on a marriage not based on the Quran and Sunnah, and are the children resulting from it considered children of zina (fornication/adultery)?
If a marriage contract lacks one of the legal conditions for marriage, it becomes invalid () and necessitates separation between the spouses. Children born from an invalid marriage are attributed to their father and are not considered children of zina (fornication), as long as the husband entered into the marriage believing it to be lawful ( ash-, or a marriage whose validity is disputed). However, if the husband enters into a forbidden marriage that is unanimously agreed upon as unlawful, and he does not believe it to be permissible, then the child is not attributed to him, and what occurred is considered zina, which necessitates a legal punishment (hadd), such as a man marrying a married woman.
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