Is it permissible to sell goat meat as mutton, and buffalo meat as beef? What is the ruling on the money earned from such an act? And must children seek another occupation if their father's earnings are unlawful?

"Sheep" is a generic term that includes both goats and domestic sheep. However, if the buyer's custom specifies "sheep" to mean domestic sheep, then it is not permissible to sell goat meat as sheep meat, because it involves deception (ghish). Deception is forbidden, as the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Whoever deceives is not from me." Therefore, the father must repent and cease this action. There is no harm in eating from his wealth that is mixed with both lawful and unlawful earnings, because money that is forbidden due to its illicit acquisition is forbidden only for the earner, and it is not forbidden for someone who takes it from him through a permissible means, such as sustenance. He should be advised to abandon deception and seek lawful provisions, for unlawful earnings do not bring blessings.