Does a divorce occur by a text message sent to the wife's family without her knowledge? Is the husband held accountable for divorcing while angry? What is the ruling on the intention to divorce? And what is the authenticity of the hadith: "There are three matters, serious when serious and serious when in jest"?

Issues of divorce are thorny, and the default approach to them is to ask questions verbally. If a man writes a letter divorcing his wife, the divorce takes effect if he intends it, and it is not a condition for him to confront his wife or inform her. Anger does not prevent the divorce from taking effect unless it reaches a degree where the person loses awareness. A mere intention to divorce, without uttering words, does not result in divorce according to the majority of scholars. The Hadith: "There are three things which, whether done seriously or in jest, are to be taken seriously: marriage, divorce, and رجعة (taking back a divorced wife during her 'iddah)." This was narrated by Abu Dawud, Al-Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, and others, and it is a good (hasan) hadith.