How was the Holy Quran compiled and arranged to reach its current form?

The Uthmanic Mus-hafs (copies of the Qur’an) were devoid of dots, diacritics, and divisions. With the expansion of Islam and the mingling of Arabs with non-Arabs, the need arose to dot and diacritize the Mus-hafs to avoid ambiguity and error in reading the Qur’an. Abdul-Malik ibn Marwan commanded Al-Hajjaj to have the Mus-hafs dotted, and Nasr ibn Asim Al-Laythi and Yahya ibn Ya'mur Al-Adwani were entrusted with this task. As for diacritics, it began with Abu Al-Aswad Al-Du’ali placing dots to indicate vowel movements, then evolved into the signs known today. Initially, some scholars disliked dotting and diacritizing the Mus-hafs, fearing alteration of the Qur’an. However, the urgent need removed this dislike, and it became recommended, even obligatory, to preserve the integrity of the recitation. Divisions were also introduced into the Mus-hafs, which were divided into ajza' (parts), ahzab (sections), arb'a (quarters), and signs for fifths and tenths, to facilitate reading and memorization.