How does one seek forgiveness for backbiting, especially if it occurred in a moment of anger, and if informing the person about the backbiting might lead to abandonment and dispute?
For repentance from a sin related to the rights of others (rights of servants of Allah), it is a condition to seek absolution from the person whose right was violated, based on the saying of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him: "Whoever has wronged his brother concerning his honor or anything else, let him seek his forgiveness today before there will be no Dinar or Dirham, and if he has good deeds, they will be taken from him [in proportion to his wrongdoing] to repay his brother; and if he has no good deeds, then some of his brother’s evil deeds will be taken and put on him." Scholars have qualified the obligation of seeking absolution to situations that do not lead to greater harm, such as estrangement. Some scholars have allowed for general seeking of forgiveness without specifying the exact right, or by mentioning the good qualities of the wronged person, along with the obligation of general repentance.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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