What are the inverted, pregnant, and two-winged prayers?

Salat al-Maqluba (the inverted prayer) is a term used by Maliki jurists for a latecomer (to congregational prayer) who misses the Imam’s final part of the prayer due to an excuse, such as a nosebleed or similar, according to those who prioritize bina' (continuing the prayer from where one left off) over qada' (making up the missed parts). It has three types:

1. Salat al-Maqluba: Characterized by reciting two surahs in its last two rak'ahs, it occurs when someone misses the first and second rak'ahs, catches the third, and then misses the fourth. 2. Dhat al-Janahayn (the two-winged prayer): In this type, Al-Fatiha and a surah are recited in the first and last rak'ahs. It occurs when someone misses the first rak'ah and catches the second, then misses the third and fourth. 3. As-Salat al-Habla (the pregnant prayer): This is the opposite of Dhat al-Janahayn, where the middle two rak'ahs include Al-Fatiha and a surah, while the first and last rak'ahs only include Al-Fatiha.