What is the ruling of Islamic law concerning someone who says that shaving the beard and shortening the garment are superficial matters and not fundamental principles of the religion, or concerning someone who ridicules those who do these things?

Describing religion as "superficial" is "a dangerous and great abomination." Religion, in its entirety, is essence and rectitude, and it is divided into fundamentals (usul) and branches (furu'). Among the branches of religion are growing the beard and shortening the garment. Saying that anything in religion is superficial may lead its utterer out of Islam, based on the Almighty's saying: (Say, "Is it in Allah and His verses and His Messenger that you were mocking?" Make no excuse; you have disbelieved after your belief.) The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, commanded growing the beard and trimming the mustache, and scholars have unanimously agreed that this is an obligation. Likewise, raising garments above the ankles is an obligation, based on his, peace and blessings be upon him, saying: "Whatever is below the ankles of the izaar (lower garment) is in the Fire," and "There are three whom Allah will not speak to on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He look at them, nor will He purify them, and for them is a painful torment: the one who lets his izaar hang low," and "Allah will not look at one who drags his garment out of pride." A Muslim must raise his clothes so that they do not fall below the ankles, and it is preferable for them to be between mid-calf and the ankle. Allowing clothes to hang low (isbal) can be out of arrogance, which is a greater sin, or out of negligence, and both are forbidden. The story of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, was that his izaar would loosen unintentionally, not out of pride, and he would attend to it. Isbal is extravagance that exposes the garment to dirt and impurity, and it involves imitating women.