What is the ruling regarding hermaphrodites concerning their prayers, and should these prayers be performed at home or in the mosque, and do they marry women or men?

Hermaphrodites are categorized into two types: non-problematic (ghayr mushkil) and problematic (mushkil). A non-problematic hermaphrodite is one in whom signs of masculinity or femininity are evident. A problematic hermaphrodite is one in whom these signs are not evident or are contradictory.

Rulings for the problematic hermaphrodite concerning prayer: - Congregational prayer is not obligatory upon him/her. - If he/she prays in the mosque, hermaphrodites form a separate row for themselves, in front of the women's row. - He/she prays with a head covering (khimar) due to the possibility of being a woman, and his/her 'awra (intimate parts) is considered like that of a woman according to the Hanafis and Shafi'is. - His/her imamate (leading prayer) is not valid for a man or for another hermaphrodite like him/her, but it is valid for a woman. - If he/she leads women in prayer, he/she stands in front of them, not in their midst, according to the majority of scholars, and this positioning is recommended by the Shafi'is. - A female cannot lead him/her in prayer due to the possibility that he/she is male.

Regarding his/her marriage: - If he/she is non-problematic: He/she is married according to his/her true gender to a person of the opposite sex. - If he/she is problematic: His/her marriage is not permissible according to the majority of scholars, due to the possibility of being male or female. Therefore, it is not permissible for him/her to marry someone of the same potential gender.