Missed and Made Up Prayers
1,857 questions
Must a woman make up the Fajr prayer if she sees purity a few minutes before Fajr and finishes ghusl after the time for prayer has ended? And must she make up the prayer of the previous day if she saw white discharge and doubted whether it was the white discharge indicating purity, and did not perform ghusl fearing to fast while impure?
Would repentance be accepted from someone who stole his father's money and cannot return it or inform him for fear of severe consequences, knowing that he has repented and become observant of his prayers after he used to not pray?
Is the prayer of the congregant valid if he completes two rak'ahs individually after the imam, who erred in his prayer, has said the taslim?
Is it permissible for a traveler to shorten the prayer for three days after arrival, and when moving between regions at a distance that allows for shortening? And what must a traveler do if they move between two cities; should they shorten the prayer on the way or after arrival?
How does a latecomer perform his prayer if he missed three rak'ahs and only caught the fourth rak'ah with the Imam?
Is the circulated Hadith concerning the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), which describes a specific prayer to be performed on the last Friday of Ramadan as expiation for missed prayers, authentic or not?
Are missed prayers to be calculated from the age of ten or from puberty? Is it permissible to make them up during times when prayer is prohibited? Is anything beyond the required amount considered supererogatory?
How can one get rid of religious whisperings (waswas) and doubts, and must missed prayers be made up, and is doubting the pillars of faith considered disbelief (kufr), and what is the way to remove hardness of heart and feel the presence of God?
How should cases of irregular menstruation be dealt with, such as the cessation of blood flow then its return, or its continuation for more than 14 or 15 days, and must missed prayers be made up in these cases?
What is the ruling on masturbation, and why has the questioner not experienced a wet dream despite having reached puberty, and does this entail making up missed prayers?
If I wake up after the ‘Asr call to prayer, should I wait for the iqamah or pray Dhuhr? And should I pray Dhuhr after ‘Asr if I wake up a few minutes before the iqamah?
Must I make up prayers and fasting after abandoning prayer for 18 years, praying intermittently, and fasting without prayer in Ramadan? And how is it to be made up?
Is it obligatory to make up prayers missed due to delayed ghusl from janabah?
What is required of one who broke his fast for several days in Ramadan during puberty (12-15 years old) due to bad company, and does not know their number? And is it better to perform the pre-prayer supererogatory acts (Sunan al-Rawatib) at home, despite the resulting delay in joining the Takbeerat al-Ihram or missing some rak'ahs with the Imam, based on the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) saying: "Pray, O people, in your homes, for the best of prayer is a person's prayer in his home, except for the obligatory prayer"?
Must one make up prayers missed based on the assumption that they were due to continuous abnormal bleeding connected to menstruation, when it later became clear that it was a separate instance of abnormal bleeding not followed by menstruation?
Is it obligatory to tell a brother who does not pray about a dream of a snake coming out of his mouth, and is it a true vision or from Satan, and how should he be dealt with, especially since he claims repentance but does not attend prayers?
If one makes up missed prayers with the intention of precaution, will what exceeds the missed prayers be counted as supererogatory and be rewarded for it?
What is the ruling on past prayers that were not performed with their regular supererogatory (Sunnah Ratibah) prayers? And should the supererogatory prayers of missed (fawāʾit) obligatory prayers be made up when making up those obligatory prayers, or is it permissible to compensate for them with seeking forgiveness (istighfār)? And is it permissible to perform the supererogatory prayers of obligatory prayers after their time has expired?
When does a latecomer sit for the first tashahhud if he missed one rak'ah of a four-rak'ah prayer?
Is it permissible to perform supererogatory prayers (nawafil), such as the regular Sunnah prayers and others, while making up missed obligatory prayers (fawait) according to the Shafi'i and Hanafi schools of thought?
Is it necessary to wash all clothes that have been defiled by urine upon repentance and returning to prayer, or is it permissible to pray in them?
Is it permissible for a traveler to combine and shorten the Maghrib and Isha prayers with an earlier combination (jam’ taqdim) after some time has passed since the Adhan for Maghrib? Is the intention for the type of combination (earlier/later) a requirement? And must the two prayers be performed consecutively without a break, and if a break is allowed, what is the maximum duration for the break?
What is incumbent upon one who has abandoned prayer for several days (six or seven) due to obsessive doubt and hesitation?
What is the ruling on making up missed prayers due to considering blood discharged after six days as istihadah (non-menstrual vaginal bleeding), in the case where she previously believed it to be a continuation of her menstrual period as long as it did not exceed fifteen days, and should each missed prayer be made up at its due time?