Did God Almighty's teaching of all the names to Adam include teaching him all the languages humanity has known until the Day of Judgment, or did He teach him only one language from which all other languages evolved?

Allah, the Almighty, taught Adam, peace be upon him, the origins of all languages. This is the view of most linguists, but it is a theoretical issue upon which no practical action is built. Therefore, one should not preoccupate oneself with it, just like discussing the origin of languages.