Missed and Made Up Prayers
1,857 questions
What is meant by the time—optional or necessary—during which the prayer is to be repeated for the uncovering of the minor ʻawrah according to the Malikis, and is a missed qada' prayer to be repeated if the minor ʻawrah was uncovered therein unintentionally?
Is it permissible for someone afflicted with سلس (incontinence) or flatulence to wait for the congregational prayer to begin, or to perform the supererogatory prayers before the obligatory prayer despite the possibility of something being discharged? Is it permissible for him to lead the prayer? And if the only follower is disabled and seated, who has more right to lead the prayer? Is it permissible to perform ablution at home before going to the Haram due to the difficulty of performing ablution there? And is it obligatory to perform ablution for each obligatory prayer when combining missed prayers or when traveling?
Is it obligatory to make up missed prayers, the number of which is unknown and exceeds 200 prayers, due to obsessive whispering (waswasah)?
What should the congregant do if the Imam makes a mistake and does not pronounce the takbeer for bowing, and the congregants do not bow due to their own oversight or ignorance? What is the ruling on their prayer after the Imam pronounces the salaam? And does the congregant make up what they missed during the Imam's prayer, or do they perform a rak'ah after the prayer has ended?
Is it obligatory to make up for missed prayers that were prayed silently instead of audibly, knowing that I was ignorant of the religious ruling?
What is the ruling on the marriage between a Muslim man who does not pray and a woman who is a recent convert to Islam and does not pray, given that both began to pray and commit to their faith a month after their marriage?
What is the ruling concerning prayers performed in a previous period while ignorant of some of the rulings on purity, and how can their number be estimated for making them up?
What do you say concerning a man who performed a prayer and increased its number of rak'ahs, yet his prayer was valid, and what is the evidence for that?
Is it permissible to renew a marriage contract via telephone, with the presence of witnesses who recognize the voice of the wife's guardian, if the guardian is unable to attend in person?
Is it permissible to make up missed prayers in various ways, such as making up two missed prayers with each obligatory prayer, or making up one missed prayer? And does the text "And the method of making up missed prayers is to pray each day, in addition to the five present prayers, as much as you are able, at any hour of the night or day" mean making up the five prayers together and then repeating them? And can missed prayers be made up at any time of the night or day?
Must one make up prayers that were invalidated after repenting from abandoning prayer, knowing that missed prayers must be made up and being convinced by the opinion of Sheikh Al-Islam regarding the non-necessity of making up invalidated prayers?
Can prayers be made up for a deceased mother who was remiss in her prayers due to an illness that led to involuntary urination, and what can be done to alleviate the distress of the grave for her and add good deeds to her?
Is it obligatory to make up for the missed prayers of years before committing to prayer, or is repentance for them sufficient? And will a person be held accountable for them if they die before making them up? And is one who does not maintain their prayers considered among those who miss one or two prayers daily due to sleep, even if they wake up at the time of prayer but then are overcome by sleep?
Must a missed Ramadan day be made up if you woke up after the Maghrib Adhan and doubted whether menstruation began after the Adhan or before it?
Is it permissible to make up missed prayers (qada'), and does abundant performance of supererogatory prayers (nawafil) compensate for them, especially given uncertainty about ritual purity from menstruation?
Is it obligatory to repeat the prayers that were performed without observing purification from madhy, and how should they be repeated?
Must prayers performed without ablution due to urinary incontinence be repeated, given that this condition was not discovered until later?
How can one make up the 'Isha prayer, Witr, and Sunnah for someone who missed them due to sleep, knowing the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying: "If any of you feels drowsy while praying, he should lie down until sleep leaves him"?
What is the ruling on one who neglected to ascertain the time of the onset of purity from menstruation and to perform ghusl immediately, or prayed while obliged to leave her home and with her feet uncovered, or prayed with a purity that was doubtful despite hastening to perform it, or had natural discharges and prayed in haste? And is it obligatory to make up the prayers in these cases, or should she increase in supererogatory prayers and repent?
Is a man who stopped praying for six months and then repented considered an apostate and in need of renewing his marriage contract? And what do you advise him?
Is it considered a lie to tell someone that a missed prayer being made up is the Duha prayer, out of fear of revealing the secret of making up missed prayers?
What should I do and how can I repent after having wasted years of my life in forbidden amusement, abandoning prayer, and committing grave sins? Do I have to make up for 15 years of past prayers after repentance? How do I calculate the missed prayers, and is my calculation correct? Does martyrdom for the sake of Allah erase my past omissions of prayer, sins, transgressions, and grave misdeeds?
What should I do as expiation for my sin toward my deceased mother, who died due to blood poisoning? Will I be held accountable for her prayers and fasting? And was my negligence the cause of her death?
What should I do regarding the multiple vows I made and forgot to fulfill? Is one expiation (kaffara) for an oath sufficient for all instances, or is an expiation required for each instance? What about the vows I don't remember at all or only partially? And is not fulfilling them a cause of calamities and unanswered prayers?